NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENT

Risk management

The Company monitors and manages the financial risks relating to its business and operations. These risks include insurance risk, capital risk, credit risk, interest rate risk, market risk, foreign currency risk and liquidity risk.

The Company seeks to minimize the effects of these risks by diversifying the sources of its capital. It maintains timely reports about its risk management function and monitors risks and policies implemented to mitigate risk exposures.

Insurance risk

The risk under any one insurance contract is the possibility that the insured event occurs and the uncertainty of the amount of the resulting claim. By the nature of an insurance contract, this risk is random and therefore unpredictable.

For a portfolio of insurance contracts where the theory of probability is applied to pricing and provisioning, the principal risk that the company faces under its insurance contracts is that the actual claims and benefit payments exceed the estimated amount of the insurance liabilities. This could occur because the frequency or severity of claims and benefits are greater that estimated. Insurance events are random and the actual number and amount of claims and benefits will vary from year to year from the estimate established using statistical techniques.

Experience shows that the larger the portfolio of similar insurance contracts, the smaller the relative variability about the expected outcome will be.  In addition, a more diversified portfolio is less likely to be affected across the board by a change in any subset of the portfolio. The company has developed its insurance underwriting strategy to diversify the type of insurance risks accepted and within each of these categories to achieve a sufficiently large population of risks to reduce the variability of the expected outcome.

The Company manages risks through its underwriting strategy, adequate reinsurance arrangements and proactive claims handling.  The underwriting strategy attempts to ensure that the underwritten risks are well diversified in terms of type and amount of risk, industry and geography. Underwriting limits are in place to enforce appropriate risk selection criteria.

Capital risk

The Company’s objectives when managing capital are:

• To comply with the insurance capital requirements required by UAE Federal Law No. 6 of 2007 concerning the formation of Insurance Authority of UAE.
• To safeguard the company’s ability to continue as a going concern so that it can continue to provide returns for shareholders and benefits for other stakeholders.
• To provide an adequate return to shareholders by pricing insurance contracts commensurately with the level of risk.

In UAE, the local insurance regulator specifies the minimum amount and type of capital that must be held by the company in relation to its insurance liabilities.  The minimum required capital (presented in the table below) must be maintained at all times throughout the year. The Company is subject to local insurance solvency regulations with which it has complied with during the year.

The table below summarizes the minimum regulatory capital of the Company and the total capital held.

Credit risk

Credit risk refers to the risk that a counterparty will default on its contractual obligations resulting in financial loss to the company.

Key areas where the company is exposed to credit risk are:

• Re-insurers’ share of insurance liabilities.
• Amounts due from reinsurers in respect of claims already paid.
• Amounts due from insurance contract holders.
• Amounts due from insurance intermediaries.
• Amounts due from banks for its balances and fixed deposits.

The Company has adopted a policy of only dealing with creditworthy counterparties as a means of mitigating the risk of financial loss from defaults. The Company’s exposure and the credit ratings of its counterparties are continuously monitored, and the aggregate value of transactions concluded is spread amongst approved counterparties. Credit exposure is controlled by counter party limits that are reviewed and approved by the management annually.

Re-insurance is used to manage insurance risk. This does not, however, discharge the company’s liability as primary insurer. If a re-insurer fails to pay a claim for any reason, the company remains liable for the payment to the policy holder. The creditworthiness of re-insurers is considered on an annual basis by reviewing their financial strength prior to finalization of any contract.

The Company maintains record of the payment history for significant contract holders with whom it conducts regular business.  The exposure to individual counterparties is also managed by other mechanisms, such as the right of offset where counterparties are both debtors and creditors of the Company.  Management information reported to the company includes details of provisions for impairment on insurance receivables and subsequent write offs. Exposures to individual policy holders and groups of policy holders are collected within the ongoing monitoring of the controls. Where there exists significant exposure to individual policy holders, or homogenous groups of policy holders, a financial analysis equivalent to that conducted for re-insurers is carried out by the Company.

The carrying amount of financial assets recorded in the financial statements, which is net of expected credit loss, represents the Company’s maximum exposure to credit risk for such receivables and liquid funds.

Interest rate risk

Interest rate risk is the risk that the value of a financial instrument will fluctuate due to changes in market interest rate. The Company is exposed to interest rate risk on call account, fixed deposits with bank and financial assets such as bonds. The interest rates are subject to periodic revisions.

Market risk

Market prices risk is the risk that the value of a financial instrument will fluctuate as a result of changes in market prices, whether those changes are caused by factors specific to the individual instrument or its issue or factors affecting all instruments traded in the market.

Foreign currency risk

The Company undertakes certain transactions denominated in foreign currencies, which imposes sort of risk due to fluctuations in exchange rates during the year. The UAE Dirham is effectively pegged to the US Dollar, thus foreign currency risk occurs only in respect of other currencies. The company maintains policies and procedures to manage the exchange rate risk exposure.

Liquidity risk

The Company’s Board of Directors adopted an appropriate liquidity risk management framework as the responsibility of liquidity risk management rests with the Board of Directors.

The following table shows the maturity dates of Company’s financial assets and liabilities as at 31 December 2021.

The following table shows the maturity dates of Company’s financial assets and liabilities as at
31 December 2020.